Self Defense Sprays

An effective self defense spray starts with a strong chemical
base.  The chemical spray isn't the only factor to consider but it's
a major one so let's start with that.  There are basically two types
that have been time-tested over a long period of time.  They are
Tear Gas and Pepper Spray.  A third chemical known as CS is
generally considered for law enforcement use in riot control
situations.  Let's review these chemicals.

Tear Gas (CN)

Tear Gas has become an accepted word for the chemical
Chloracetophenone commonly called CN.  CN
(Chloracetophenone) was discovered by a German chemist in
1869 and is generally accepted as "tear gas" by law
enforcement and military agencies throughout the world.  CN in
minute quantities has an apple blossom odor.  In larger
quantities, CN causes heavy flow of tears and mucous.  Burning
and itching sensation of moist exposed skin occurs.  CN will
produce nausea in larger quantities.  CN is considered an
irritant.  It has been used by law enforcement for riot control for
years.

CS

You should at least be aware of a chemical called CS.  CS is a
chemical known as ortho-Chlorobenzalmalononitrile.  It is a
white solid crystalline that has been used as an anti-pioy agent
for many years by police departments.  It was discovered and
developed by B.B. Corson and R.W. Stoughton in 1920s.  CS can
be disseminated in grenades, projectiles, aerosols, or as a
powder.  CS is manufactured here in the United States strictly for
law enforcement.  It is generally not suitable for personal defense
sprays.

If you would like more detailed information on CS and/or OS,
we refer you to the US Army site and materials safety data sheets:
Military Riot Control Agents: CS and OS
Materials Safety Data Sheet On CN
Materials Safety Data Sheet On CS

Pepper Spray (OC)

Pepper Spray is a chemical compound commonly called OC
which stands for Oleoresin Capsicum.  OC is a derivative of Hot
Cayenne peppers.  OC is the newest self defense type spray but
there are a number of cheap substandard products on the
market.  Unlike tear gas, OC is an inflammatory agent.  Upon
contact with mucous membranes (e.g., eyes, nose, throat, lungs)
it will cause an instant dilation of the capillaries of the eyes,
resulting in temporary blindness and instant inflammation of the
breathing tissues, cutting off all but minimal breathing to sustain
life support.  OC is often rated by a percentage content of the
overall chemical such as 5% or 10%.  That's important, but what is
even more important is the Scoville heat rating.  You could have
a 25% OC base in the chemical but if the heat rating is not high
enough, the chemical is simply not strong enough.  You need to
look for 1.5 to 2 million Scoville heat unit rating.  Anyone
attempting to sell you a Scoville heat unit rating of above 2
million is either lying to you or breaking the federal law because
a 2 million rating is the highest rating allowed by federal law for
consumer use.

For more detailed information on OC, we refer you to the
Oleoresin Capsicum Chart Material Safety Data Sheet

The problem with both of the above products (OC and CS) is
one is an irritant agent and one an inflammation agent.  When
you want the best of both worlds, you want the effects of both
because different people are effected in different ways.  Mace
has solved this complex problem by coming up with the finest
mixture of a self defense spray in a formula that uses both CN
and OC in their new Triple Action Formula.

The Chemical Grain

Grains have to do with the tiny size of the actual grains shooting
when the defense spray is fired.  Cheap bargain-basement self
defense sprays likely don't contain the fine gains needed to be
effective as they need to be.  The finer the grain, the more
effective the spray is going to be.  All of our self defense spray
products have a very fine gain that work extremely well.

The Actuator

By the actuator, we are talking about the part of the product
that holds the actual chemical.  There are several critical issues
involved in this.  Let's review them.

Volume:  Volume content is the actual content of the chemical.  
Some people who sell you single formulated pepper spray use
the defense that over time, CN will go bad.  Actually, over time;
any product that is in such a can will eventually go bad.  If you
have ever picked up a five year old can of shaving cream left in
the back of your bathroom cabinet by mistake, you'll
understand exactly what I am talking about.  You hit the button
and nothing comes out.  Although the chemical is still in it, the
pressure inside the can that makes it work is gone.  The same
holds true for any self defense product.  The difference, of course;
is that when you get no shaving cream you don't shave.  When
you get no self defense spray, your life could be in danger.  All
self defense sprays need to be replaced about every five years.  
It's as simple as that.  There is no such self defense product that
can last a lifetime, as some are sold with a lifetime warranty that
is of no use to you.   And then there is the one that says, "if you
actually use it, send in the police report and we will send you
another."  They only mention in the fine print that there is a
"shipping and handling charge" which amounts to a profit of
what it costs to manufacture another can.  Almost any
self-defense spray manufacturer will send you a new one
anyway just to get your police report about the use of their
spray whether you send in the "shipping and handling fee" or
not.

A good self defense spray will let you test for actual volume
content.  For example, Mace Brands let you perform a test by
placing the product in a glass of water with a volume content
measurement on the side of the can.  Many cheaper spray
products defend themselves by saying that you could simply
weigh the content.  That's fine, but do you have a little scale
around to do this every few months and do you know the
weight of the container you need to subtract?  Likely not.

Expiration Date

Self defense sprays are really inexpensive.  That's a fact!  Don't
buy one that doesn't have an expiration date on it--here's why.  
There are thousands of self defense spray dealers all over the
United States.  Most of them are in this business part time.  Many
of them, in order to obtain a good wholesale price; buy enough
product to last them several years.  By the time your purchase
comes around, that dealer might have purchased three or four
year old spray from another dealer who sold out his part- time
business.  You want a fresh product, not something that only has
a shelve life left of a few months or even a year left.  The problem
is, the cheaper sprays don't have any expiration date on them.  
Since they don't have any date of them, you don't know if it
was made last month or eight years ago.  Mace Brand Sprays do!

Force

By the force, we are referring to the force at which the spray
comes out of the can.  Again, we have just gone over a very
important aspect of self defense sprays when it comes to this
factor.  Any pressurized canister, over a period of time; will loss it's
force.

Quick Action Fire And Feel

When we say quick action,  this is critical.  Sometimes a spilt
second could mean the difference between life or death!  You
need to be able to get the spray pointed and fired instantly.  All
these snap tops take time to open.  Granted, they only take a
second or two but spilt seconds count. Recently we've seen a
new product called pepper pen.  It looks really nice tucked
away in a fancy expensive-looking pen.  But you have to
actually spend time unscrewing this top before you could fire
the product.  Just picture someone needing to use it telling an
attacker to "halt" about fifteen seconds while the top was
unscrewed.  A user could have easily been attacked, injured or
killed before the unscrewing of the pen took place.  Another
recent prototype sample is pepper spray built into what is
supposed to look like a pager.  The pager had a backwards lip
on the belt clip which could easily hang when you attempt to
pull the product off of your belt or purse for firing.  That would
have been fine if the product was a break-away belt clip but it
was not.  Again, think about the quick-action you need to get
your self defense product aimed and fired as quickly as you
can.  The feel of your self defense spray is also important.  You
don't want to have to look at it to fire it.  That takes time.  If you
are in the dark, you are out of luck.  Some of these cheap sprays
on the market are so bad with their feel that in the dark, you
have about a fifty percent change of shooting yourself instead
of an attacker.

Overall Carry

There are modern defense sprays built into all kinds of covert
objects such as pens, pagers, cigarette lighters and the likes.  
That's all fine but it has to be more than just another attractive
gimmick from the outside. It's what's in the chemical and how
fast you can shoot it that really counts.  Many products have
attachments for key chains simply because it's the most
common type of way to carry the self defense spray.  With a key
chain attachment, you always have your keys with you so it
makes sense to keep in on your key ring.  It's also nice to have a
belt clip built into the unit.  The clip can be attached to belts,
purses or whatever.  We prefer easy break-away belt clips.  That
is, if you pull on it, the belt clip simply breaks away.  No chance
of hanging there!  Of course--it's going to be ruined....it's going to
be fired silly!  It might save someone's life! After it's over, the spray
has it's purpose anyway and it's time to get a new one.  The
important thing for you to understand and consider now is how
it's going to be carried after you purchase it.  It's not going to do
you any good if you forget it and leave it at home if you need it.
 It's not going to do you any good if you lock it in your car.  You
need it with you at all times.

Accidental Discharge

You don't want to be near a can of spray that accidentally
goes off.  It ruins car interiors. In ruins the inside of purses.  It ruins
and stains clothing.  Anyone around it, four a half hour or more is
going to feel the chemical effects.  Many cheap sprays avoid
accidental discharges by having safety switches on them.  The
problem is, they have added another setup to the process for
actually using the product and that's not good.  Only Mace
Brand has the patented flip-top split-second fire that is very hard
to have an accidentally discharge with.

Dying Chemicals

Many of the better self defense sprays have a dying chemical in
them these days.  Some of the cheap ones do not.  Dying
chemicals shoot a dye into the attacker along with the spray so
if the attacker runs away, he can easily be identified by the
police at a later time.  With some so-called self defense sprays,
other than blinding the attacker with paint for a second, that's
about all they do!  The best dying agent is an invisible one.  That
is, the attacker doesn't know he's been marked.  When the
attacker knows he's marked, he will tend to run and hide in a
place where he will likely try and wash it off.  Some of these
marking chemicals don't come off that easy.  Now he's going to
lie low knowing he is a marked man.   However, if the attacker
doesn't even know he's been marked, he's more likely to be out
in the open where the police can question him. It's simply a
matter of common sense.  UV marking dye provides the very best
marking simply because a UV light, which just about every
police department has; will reveal the marks.  Mace Brand has
the all important UV dye.


Automobile Sprays

There are a number of companies that make "auto models" and
I certainly understand the reasoning of wanting to keep them in
your car. You don't want to keep a regular formulated pepper
spray in the car especially if you live in the south.  In the summer
time the inside car heat can go up to over 120 degrees.  That's
not good for the spray and it could burst.  You'll have a huge
mess.
Don't Fall For The Gimmicks
Don't Fall For The Al-Cheapos
Self Defense Sprays Are Cheap Enough Anyway!
Spend The Couple Of Extra Dollars And Invest In The Best
If You Already Have A Self-Defense Spray That's Over Five Years
Old, (no matter what kind it is)
Throw It Away After You Get Another One.
Make sure your spray has an expiration date.
Make sure your spray has a split-second action fire ability
Make sure you can tell which way your spray is pointed by
feel alone.
Make sure your spray isn't prone to accidental discharge.
Get the best of both worlds!  Use a blend of OC and CN.
Know the Scoville heat rating before you buy.
Test the volume content of your spray every few months.
Practice getting your hand on the trigger and ready to fire
once every few months.
Consider taking a one to four hour course on basic self defense
Have other self defense products on hand.
Make sure what you have isn't just a can of spray paint.
There isn't any such thing as a "lifetime guarantee" on
self-defense spray and it can actually be quite dangerous to
believe this!
If you actually use your spray and send a copy of the police
report, almost any supplier will be willing to send you a new
one just to get your police report about the use of the product
even if you don't send in the "shipping and handling" fee.


Overall Disadvantages Of Self-Defense Spray

A major disadvantage of pepper spray is a wind factor.  It
doesn't matter what brand you use.  If you have a very strong
wind, they aren't going to be effective unless the attacker is at
extremely close range.  In very strong wind, you are going to
get spray-back if you have to spray against the wind.  In the
overwhelming majority of cases you will be fine but it's
important for you to understand that their is going to be a
certain diminishing effectiveness of ANY self defense spray
being sprays against the wind.  That's why you will also want
to have a small Stun Gun with you also.

Understanding Stun Gun Technology

Using battery power, a Stun Gun is a self defense product that
puts out a high voltage shock.  An attacker can be simply
touched with the product and he will be immobilized for
several minutes, with no permanent damage.  A very short two
second shock will cause muscle spasms and an extremely
dazed state of mind for about fifteen minutes.  Five seconds of
the gun will cause one to feel as though they had been
pushed off a two story building.  The stun gun does NOT have
to touch exposed skin for it to work at all.  You'll get the same
effect through everyday clothing.

A little know fact about Stun Guns is that you have to have a
minimum of about two seconds of contact for them to be
effective on the average person.  Some Stun Gun sellers claim
that only a split second is needed. This is a falsehood no
matter what brand of stun gun we are talking about.  Almost
all sellers know this fact but keep it from you for fear you will
not purchase one from them.  In self defense products, there
isn't any room for trial and error.  Your life or the life of a loved
one could depend on it.

The Pulse Frequency Rate

How the Stun Gun actually works is quite interesting.  It has to
do with what is called pulse frequency rate.  The electronic
shock sends a pulse frequency rate that tells the muscles to
engage in a great deal of work very rapidly.  What then
happens is the attacker's blood sugar level is converted into
lactic acid.  The end result of this is that the muscular functions
become impaired and will not work.  It's like going limp.
Nothing moves!

Contrary to popular myth, a Stun Gun does not depend on
pain or high amperage to obtain results.  It's the pulse
frequency rate that really matters.  The pulse frequency rate
takes over the neurological pathways of the nervous system.  
Even big guys usually drop right to the ground. The effects are
split second and massive disorientation, loss of balance and
limpness occurs.  If you happen to be touching the person or
they are touching you, the effects of the Stun Gun will not
effect you but the attacker will almost instantly let go.

Dispelling The Voltage Myth

When manufacturers first starting making stun guns, a 50,000
volt stun gun was a very high voltage one.  Today we are
seeing Stun Guns going over the 400,000 volt mark.  Although
these stun guns do have more voltage power, the secret to
Stun Guns is in the pulse frequency rate, not the voltage.  
Therefore, a lot of this high voltage stuff is really nothing more
than hype.

Stun Gun Feel And Carry

Like self-defense sprays, Stun Guns need to be designed so you
can instantly grab and feel the way they point and need to
have the ability to be fired in an instant.  The trigger button
needs to be in a place which can be accessed with your
finger in a split second.  One popular Stun Gun has a top
cover you must first take off before you can use it.  The
problem with this is that it takes time to get the top off.  That's
not good.  I don't really like the Stun Guns that have a safety
switch on them.  I personally prefer the velcro holsters for them.
 In a spit second, you can pull them out and fire.  Better stun
guns come with a belt clip attachment so they can be easily
attached to belts or purses.

New Phase Induction Technology

The very best Stun Guns on the market today are Taltons,
here's why. Talton Stun Guns use a new Phase Induction
technology (Patent pending).  You can not only hear the
difference, the pulse frequency rate is generally higher and
the batteries tend to last longer.  There are some Stun Gun
sellers that are advertising "Talton like power" but there is really
only one Talton.  Talton Stun Guns comes with a lifetime
guarantee. There is only one Talton Stun Gun Brand and all of
them are clearly marked as Talton.

It's important to test your Stun Gun to make sure it works every
week or so.  Stun Guns are made so that you can see the
sparks arc across the two prongs.  The typical stun gun has four
extending probes, two on each end of the gun.  The inner
probes are for testing it and is where the test arc will happen.  
The other two probes are the contact probes.  It's worth saying
that you don't want to be touching any of the metal probes
when you test fire the Stun Gun.  Although it's important to test
the Stun Gun once in a while, don't hold down the button for
more than a few seconds.  This can burn out the Stun Gun.  It's
also important to not play with the Gun making it arc all the
time.  Save the Stun Gun power for when you need it.  It's also
important to change the batteries about every six months.

Unlike self-defense sprays which are pressurized cans, you
don't have to worry about leaving a Stun Gun in a car in
which heat could potentially cause the unit to accidentally
discharge.

The 80,000 Volt Talton is nice of its small size.  You will also find
bigger higher voltage Talton Stun Guns but we think the 80,000
Volt product will work just as well as the 400,000 volt Stun Guns.
 The difference is price between the standard voltage Stun
Guns and the high voltage stun guns is amazing.  The real high
voltage Stun Guns usually run six, six or seven times more.  But,
since Stun Guns really depend on pulse frequency rates, it's all
just a game to get you to spend more money.  The secret to
their effectiveness is not only in the voltage.  You don't need a
400,000 volt Stun Gun that cost ten times the price because
the standard voltage Stun Guns work just fine.

Overall Disadvantage Of Stun Guns

The overall disadvantage of Stun Guns is the fact that you
have to be in close range and make contact with the
attacker for them to be effective. Unless, of course; you choose
an Air Taser.

The Air Taser

The disadvantage of Stun Guns is that you have to be right up
to someone for them to work at all.  You have to touch them
with it.  The Air Taser Solves this problem with the first shooting
Stun Gun.  The Air Taser works just like a stun gun but it shoots
15 feet.  It uses compressed air that shoots two small probes at
an attacker.  The probes are connected by a special Taser
wire back to the main unit.  If you miss, you can still use the
Taser as a Stun Gun.  The Taser has an optional red dot for
aiming and several holster designs.  With the red dot, you can
visually aim the taser before you fire seeing the dot on the
body of the attacker.  This makes a miss highly unlikely.

Recommendations For A Stun Gun

Forget About the High Voltage Hype
Make Sure You Get A Good One, Don't Rely On Cheap Junk
Check To See If The Stun Gun Is Designed For Quick-Action Feel
Use One With The new Phase Induction Technology
Obtain A Good Holster For Your Stun Gun
Consider How The Stun Gun Is Going To be Carried Before
Purchase
Consider The Taser
If You Choose The Taser, Spend The Extra Money And Get The
Red Dot!

Body Alarms

Body alarms are an effective add-on self defense product
that works well, but you wouldn't want to depend on an
alarm only.  Recently, a national multi-level marketing
company hyped the fact that the US Government states that
sound is a strong crime deterrent.  They certainly can be, but
the remark was taken out of context.  Body alarms need to be
used with other self defense products.  Sound can be used as
a strong deterrent but it has to be loud enough and it has to
be ear piercing and it needs to be combined with other
products as an overall personal defense system. They should
be at least 100 dab.  At times, it can be the first action you
take if you are attacked.  Just pull the cord, and the alarm
goes off.  The better ones now include a strobe light that
flashes so you have sound and light.  If the attacker keeps
coming get ready with your self defense spray or taser.  If other
people are around, you have certainly drawn attention to
yourself.  Even if no one is in sight, most people will recognize
the alarm sound.  If you are going to get one get a good one!
The cheap ones dumped in the US market have weak battery
connections, lower sound ratings and a very high defect rate.  
The best one can be used a both a body alarm and
door/window alarm for traveling.  The Pro Plus Body Alarm
comes with a strobe light that doubles as a handy safety light,
puts off an ear piercing 130 bD siren and has a designer carry
pouch, and can double as a door/window alarm with the
extra attachment.

Recommendations For A Body Alarm
Don't Purchase A Real Cheap One-The Defective Rate On
Them Is High.
Get One That Can Double As A Door/Window Alarm
Get One That Has A Light Strobe That Can Double As A Safety
Light
Make Sure The One You Obtain has A Belt Clip
Get One That Has A Carry Pouch

Diversion Knives

Diversion knives can be used as a last line of defense.  By that,
I mean everything else has failed but you are still holding onto
your lipstick tube or pen that hides a cutting edge.  

An Overall Self Defense Products Program

When it comes to self-defense products, there are several
things you can do to up the chances of avoiding injury and/or
attack.  The real secret is to backup your one product with
other effective products.  The most effective non-lethal self
defense system should include a good self-defense spray, a
good Stun Gun or taser and an alarm and strobe light.  With
all that, you reduce your risk tremendously.